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Comparison of Drills for Winter Wheat

Dave Olson
with Stewart Wuest, McGregor Co.; Larry Tee; and Ron McClellan,
Don McCool and Paul Peterson, WSU

Objective

Compare winter wheat seeding methods for erosion protection and yield.

  • Location: Fairfield, WA
  • Annual precipitation: 20 inches
  • Rotation:
    • 94 - lentils
    • 92-93 - winter wheat

Treatments

Conventional - cultivate; seed with Haybuster double disk.
Direct seed - Haybuster double disk.
Chisel drill - Calkins chisel in tandem with Great Plains drill

Comments

All plots were"mudded" into in mod-November. Significant rainfall did not occur until late October. Field, with exception of the plot area, was overseeded with spring wheat early in April due to poor fall stand. The trial was reduced from four replications to three. Yields were measured in the overseeded area as well as the plot itself. Over-winter erosion pressure was severe. Running plots up and down the hill was successful in preventing water run-on from outside plots, but increased erosion in cultivated treatments.

Data

Residue count before treatment

Treatment Rep 1 Rep 2 Rep 3 Rep 4
N. slope 40 42 30 -
Hilltop 20 22 30 22
S. slope - 30 30 26

Yield, bu/ac

Treatment Rep 1 Rep 2 Rep 3 Average
Chisel drill 69.6 72.2 74.8 72.2a
Conventional 58.7 67.7 71.9 66.1b
Direct seed 62.4 66.0 68.0 65.5b
LSD (5%)       5.35 bu
CV       3.48%

Visual estimate of average rill x section, inches2

North South
Treatment Rep 1 Rep 2 Rep 3 Rep 4 Rep 2 Rep 3 Rep 4 Total
Chisel 4 3 3 1 1.5 1 13.5
Conventional 1 2 3 1.5 1.5 1 10
Direct seed 2 2 1 1 .5 .5 7

Conclusions

The direct seed treatment was the most erosion resistant but yielded the least. Yield of the chisel drill was significantly better than the other methods at the 5% level of confidence. Overseeding paid as the two strips harvested outside the plot area averaged 81.6 bu/ac; test weight was also better than in the plots (observed weed pressure was significantly reduced by overseeding spring wheat).

     
 

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