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Effect of Mustard, Pea and Lentil on Residue and Following Winter Wheat Yields

A 2-year study to evaluate the influence of different spring crops on a following winter wheat crop and to follow residue levels of the crops.

Location: Genesee, ID Soil: Palouse
Annual precipitation: 22 inches Rotation: 1993 - barley; 1992 - pea

Year 1 crops: Pea, lentil, mustard

Fall 93 - Barley stubble chiseled - lots of residue and low N residual.

4-15-94- Applied 120 lb/A 16-20-0-14 fertilizer and incorporated with 2 field cultivator passes. Harrowed before seeding.

4-19-94- Planted Columbia pea at 155 lb/A seed rate; planted Crimson lentil at 75 lb/A. Used 8' JD drill with double disk openers and drag chain. Planted 3 passes per plot.

4-20-94- Planted Gisilba mustard at 8.5 lb/A seed rate as above. Applied 58 lb/A of additional N as NH₄NO₃. Applied 3 oz/A Pursuit.

5-20-94- Applied 2 pt/A Poast to control grass weeds in the plots. Quite a few mayweed and horsetail were in plots--more on lower areas.

6-30-94- Applied insecticide dimethoate by air to control aphid to the whole experiment.

8-15-94- Harvested with International 453 (2 passes). Good residue distribution. Weighed yields in weigh wagon.

8-94 - Sampled 8 sq ft (1/2 of a combine width swath) for residue mass. Collected all plant material except leaves. There was some barley residue left from 1993.

Yields of mustard, pea and lentil plots

Treatment	Rep 1	Rep 2	Rep 3	Rep 4	Average
Mustard	1133	1484	1830	1542	1497
Pea	3616	3441	3398	2853	3327
Lentil	2518	2439	2875	1451	2321
CV					15%

Residue after harvest, lb/ac, measured in three 1 by 8 ft areas of each plot

Treatment	Rep 1	Rep 2	Rep 3	Rep 4	Average
Mustard	5385	6608	7208	6884	6521
Pea	2075	3742	3574	2003	2848
Lentil	2759	4582	3502	2759	3400
CV					13%

Harvest index (ratio of grain to total above- ground residue)

Treatment	Rep 1	Rep 2	Rep 3	Rep 4	Average
Mustard	0.17	0.18	0.20	0.18	0.19
Pea	0.64	0.48	0.49	0.59	0.55
Lentil	0.48	0.35	0.45	0.35	0.41
CV					15%

Conclusion

This is year one of a two year study and the test area will be planted to winter wheat this fall to evaluate wheat response to previous crop. Residue levels will be evaluated during the fall and winter. So far this experiment has given good 1994 crops and is a workable setup for evaluating rotation effects.

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Hans Kok, WSU/UI Extension Conservation Tillage Specialist, UI Ag Science 231, PO Box 442339, Moscow, ID 83844 USA Redesigned by Leila Styer, CAHE Computer Resource Unit; Maintained by Debbie Marsh, Dept. of Crop & Soil Sciences, WSU